1.动词不定式短语的结构:
动词不定式短语的主干是由 to + 动词原形构成,动词不定式短语内部的动词可以跟我们的宾语、状语、表语等成分。动词不定式短语整体上在句中取名字词,形容词和副词有哪些用途,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。
2.动词不定式短语在句子中有哪些用途
(1)动词不定式短语做主语:
To master a language is not an easy thing.
学会一门语言不是一件容易的事情。
It’s my pleasure to help you.
帮你是我的乐趣。
动词不定式做主语时可以放在后面,而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的地方上。
It’s necessary to find the witness.
有必要找到目击者。
(2)动词不定式短语作宾语:
I like to help others as much as possible.
假如大概的话,我喜欢帮其他人。
动词不定式短语作宾语补语:表示不定式的动作是由宾语发出。
We expect you to be with us.
大家期望你和大家在一块。
(3)动词+宾语+不带to的不定式作宾语补足语:感官动词:see, watch, notice, look at,hear;使役动词:make, let, have(使得),help(可带to, 也可不带to)
The teacher has his students write a composition every other week.
老师让同学们每隔一周写一篇作文。
Many things make people think artists are weird.
不少事情使大家感觉艺术家们非常奇怪。
(5)动词不定式短语作表语:
The most urgent thing is to take legal measures immediately.
当务之急是立刻采取法律手段。
(6)动词不定式短语作定语:
There are many ways to solve the problem.
有很多办法能解决这个问题。
(7)动词不定式短语作状语:常常表示目的。
We went to the hospital to see our teacher.
大家去医院看了大家的老师。
She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.
她在做试验,以从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物。